Tutorial � Hume, history V, causation

Greg Detre

@11.30 Thursday, 15 February, 2001

Lucy Allais

 

necessary connection = > coincidence, = production/power/efficacy

 

how can you be an empiricist???

there�s only analytic a priori knowledge

knowledge about the world can�t be justified independent of experience of the world

but there�s still processing going on to your experience

if that processing happens without knowledge claims on the world�

can we turn reason to experience to learn about the structure of reality???

constant conjunction vs necessary connection???

NC can�t be derived from experience = a fiction of the imagination from CC

contiguity vs gravity??? gravity as a curvature of spacetime, vs motion in freefall??? where�s the cause???

if ideas = sensory, = concepts

 

G Strawson�s interpretive q

whether Hume is making an ontological or epistemological claim

vs: all there is in the world is CC

all we have knowledge of is regularity

����� support for claim being epistemological from Hume�s theory of ideas

by causation, all we can mean is regularity

we can�t coherently conceive of NC

all we ever mean by NC is regularity

our concept of cause can�t really have cause from experience

unless it came from introspection into reason on NC � ???

 

all there is in the world is regularity � there�s no NC in the world

epistemology: all we know about causation is regularity

though there could be NC in the world, we�ll never know it

could be anything in the world

 

ontological claim: does not fit in with the rest of Hume�s scepticism

how can we make this claim about the world???

places faith in the senses as direct access to the way things are

Strawson argues that Hume is not making the ontological claim

 

difference between causation + regularity ontologically???

it�s not just laws, or certainty

it�s that there�s something about A that makes it the case that B must follow � NC

 

is it to do with moving through time???

makes no sense to think of NC except within a framework of nature???

so omniscient being would still only see complete regularity

so unless you ARE the First Mover, you cannot know anything �???

how do we learn the concept of cause???

innate in each of us, acquired evolutionarily

analytically reduce causation regularity???

what about FW and counterfactuals???

ontology vs knowledge claims for regularity vs causation???

 

 

Reading

G Strawson on why causation can�t just be regularity- �Realism + Causation�

PF Strawson � we perceive causation iun the world, e.g. pushes + pulls

Collingwood, �Essay on metaphysics� � experience of cause = derived from own experience

 

Unanswered questions

what�s the difference between chain of contiguous events and secret powers???

causation tute vs induction tute???

if admit predispositions, then empiricist pure associationism???

what is coherentist truth???

could our concept of cause have come from introspection into reason on NC � ???

jigsaw pieces, snooker balls � as examples of where we can even imagine NC??? kind of like primary qualities???

makes no sense to think of NC except within a framework of nature??? so omniscient being would still only see complete regularity, so unless you ARE the First Mover, you cannot know anything �???

how do FW and counterfactuals affect our discussion of causation???

 

Next week

Theories of Ideas

 

Hegel

Ralph Walker on Kant (transcendental idealism)

Strawson � Bounds of sense

Scruton???

CoPR

Copplestone � HoWP � summary of idealism

Sebastian Gardner � Routledge Guidebook